Heater for liquids



Dec. 20, 1932. A. T. GRAY HEATER 'FOR LIQUIDS Filed Jan; 17, 1931 vglwwntoz J4nc2 rew T Gray;

away/M1 4 Patented Dec. 20, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ANDREWTENNANT GI R-AY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO FACIFIC PIPEAND SUPPLY COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELEs CALlFoRN IA, A CORPORATION 01CALIFORNIA HEATER roaL Ums I,

Application filed. January 17,1931. Serial No. 509,446.

7 This invention relates to heaters for liquids and it is useful, forexample, in the heating of water or oil.

An important object of the inventlon is the i minimization of liming orthe formation of scale or other incrustations or coatings that makedifficult the penetration of heat therethrough.

Another important object is simplicity of construction. 7

Other objects and advantages will appear in the subjoined detaileddescription.

The accompanying drawing illustrates the invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical mid section of a heater for liquids constructedin accordance with the provisions of this invention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the heater on the plane indicated bythe line 22,

Figure 1.

Referring to the drawing, there are provided an outer shell or jacket 3,an inner container 4 for the secondary liquid, within the shell 3, andan outer container 5 the Wall of which is between the shell 3, and wallof the inner container 4, and spaced therefrom. Between the containers3, 5 is a flue shell or partition 6 which, in conjunction with thecontainer 3, forms an annular chamber 7 for the primary liquid which isdirectly heated. The flue shell 6 in conjunction with the wall of theouter container forms an annular flue or passage 8 for combustion gasesfrom a burner 9 whichis positioned beneath the low er-head or bottom 10of the container5. The flue shell 6 has an opening 11 in its top orupper head 12 and connected with said open ingis an outlet 13 whichpasses through the chamber 7 and through an opening 14 in the top 15 ofthe container 3. The flue shell 6 terminates at its lower end in aflange 151 that constitutes a closure for the lower end of the chamber7. The space between the flue shell 6and the outer container 5 is openat its lower end to form an annular flue.

Between the walls of containers 4, 5, is a chamber 16 for the primaryliquid heating element and this chamber communicates with the chamber 3through passages formed by sleeves 17, 18. The passage at 17 communicatesbetween the upper heads of the. flue shell and, outer container 5,while the passages 18- communicate between the sides of the. flue shelland outer container. The sleeve 17 connects the heads and suspends theouter container 5. There are preferably two sleeves 18 onthe same sideof the heater.

The secondary liquid, which is to be heated, indirectly is held by theinner container 4 and flows to and from said container through nipples19 which extend through the sleeves 18 and through openings 20 in theside wall of the container 3. The nipples 19 are threaded, or otherwisesecured, at 21 in the side wall of the inner container 4.

Extending vertically through the container 4 is a tube or tubes '22which are open at their opposite ends so as to communicate with thechamber 16. Thus the primary liquid fills the tubes 22 as well asthechambers 7, 16 r or waterservice pipes. A suitable primary liquid orliquid heating element will becharged into the chamber 7 through theport 23 in sufficient quantity to fill the chambers 7, V

16 and tubes 22. This primary liquid may be, for example, water andpreferably water of a relatively slight scale forming characteristic.

Upon operation of the burner 9, the heat produced by the burner willsurround the outer container 5 and the products of combustion will passupwardly through the annular flue 8, thus heating the liquid in thechambers 7, 16. It will be noted that there is a high de-' gree ofefliciency in the heater because of the products of combustion passingbetween the two chambers 7 16, insuring that most of the I 0 heatunitsare removed from the products of combustion before said products flowout of the heater through the flue pipe 13.

Heat will be transmitted from the water in the chamber 16 through thewall of the container 4 to whatever liquid is within said container 4,thus heating said liquid. It will be seen that the heat from the burnerdoes not come into direct contact with any wall that is directly exposedto the liquid that is to be heated in the chamber 1. \Vhile it isadvisable to have some circulation between the water jacket 7 and theinterior of the outer. container 5, such circulation should not be toogreatly encouraged by the construction. For this reason, the twocommunicating openings at 18 on the side walls and adjacent the nipples19 are preferably located on thesame side of the heater, and theremainder of the circumference of the heater is preferably devoid ofcommunicating openings. This increases the efficiency of the heaterbecause it reduces somewhat the temperature of the outermost shell ofthe heater, which radiates its heat to the atmosphere.

One of the advantages of the construction illustrated is that the outercontainer 5 is suspended from above at the point 17, thereby permittingunrestricted expansion of the outer container 5 in a downward direction.Of course, as the temperatures difl'er between the outermost shell orjacket and the shell of the outer container 5, there would be a slightup or down displacement of the inner ends of the nipples 21. Such amovement is, of course,

permitted by reason of the fact that the sleeves 18 are of considerablylarger diameter than thenippl'es so as to give ample clearance ofthesepoints'.

The natural spring or resilience in the jacket wall also enables theconstruction to adapt itself readily to changing temperatures.

I realize that the use of a liquid such as water as a heating element ormedium is not new, but the construction hereinbefore described hascertain novel features which are more particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

It is desirable to connect the container 3 with an expansion chamberand, accordingly, a pipe 26 is connected with the top 15. The outercontainer 3 may also be'pi'ovided with a drain opening 27 normallyclosed by a screw plug 28.

In order to properly adjust the air mixer 29 of the burner it isdesirable to observe the flame while. adjusting it and, therefore, Iprovide a peep hole that is formed by the bore of a sleeve 30 thatprojects through the container 3 and the flue shell at the level of theburner. The outer end of the sleeve 30 is normally closed by a screwplug 31.

The flange 151 rests upon legs 32 of any suitable construction.

I claim:

1. An indirect heater for liquids, having an outer jacket, a flue shellwithin the acket and spaced from the acket so as to form an outer liquidspace for the primary liquid, an outer container for the primary liquidto be heated mounted within the flue shell with its wall spacedtherefrom so as to form an annular flue surrounding the outer container,a pair of sleeves passing through the flue shell and the wall of outercontainer so as to open communication.between the said outer liquidspace and the interior of the outer container, an inner container forthesecondary liquid located within the outer container, said innercontainer having heads with upright tubes passing through the same andthrough the inner container to enable the primary liquid in the outercontainer to circulate through the tubes, a nipple corresponding to eachsleeve secured in the outer jacket and in the wall of the innercontainer and passing through its corresponding sleeve to enablethcsecondary liquid to be circulated through the inner container, and meansfor heating the outer container at its lower end to cause circulation ofthe primary liquid through the tubes. 7

. 2. An indirect heater for liquids, hlving an outer jacket, a flueshell within the jacket and spaced from the jacket so as to form anouter liquid space for the primary liquid, an outer container for theprimary liquid to be heated mounted within the flue shell with its wallspaced therefrom so as to form an annular flue surrounding the outercontainer, a pair of sleeves located on the same side of the shell andpassing through the flue shell 1m and the wall of the outer container soas to open communication between the said outer liquid space and theinterior of the outer container, an inner container for the secondaryliquid located within the outer container, said inner containerhavingheads with up right tubes passing through the same and through the innercontainer to enable the primary liquid in the outer container tocirculate through the tubes, a nipple corresponding toeach sleevesecured in the outer jacket and in the wall of the inner container andpassing through its corresponding sleeve to enable the secondary liquidto be circulated through the inner container, and means for heating theouter container at its lower end to cause circulation of the primaryliquid hrough the tubes.

An indirect heater for liquids, having an outer jacket, a flue shellwithin the acket and spaced from the jacket so as to form an outerliquid space for the primary liquid,

an outer container for the primary liquid to be heated mounted withinthe flue shell with ,1 its wall spaced therefrom 'so as to form anannular flue surrounding the outer container, a pair'of 'sleeveslocatedon the same side of the shell and passing through the flue shell and thewall of the outer container so P as to, open communication between thesaid outer liquid space and the interior of the outer container, aninner container for the secondary liquid located within the outercontainer, said inner container having heads with upright tubes passingthrough the same and through the inner container to enable the primaryliquid in the outer container to circulate through the tubes, a nipplecorresponding to each sleeve secured in the outer jacket and in the wallof the inner container and passing through its corresponding sleeve toenable the secondary liquid to be circulated through the innercontainer, means connecting the upper ends of the flue shell and theouter container for supporting the latter,

and means for heating the outer container at its lower end to causecirculation of the primary liquid through the tubes.

4. An indirect heater for liquids, having an outer jacket, a flue shellwithin the jacket and spaced from the jacket so as to form an outerliquid space for the primary liquid, an outer container for the primaryliquid to be heated mounted within the flue shell with its wall spacedtherefrom so as to form an annular flue surrounding the outer container,a pair of sleeves passing through the flue shell and the wall of theouter container so as to open communication between the said outerliquid space and the interior of the outer container, an inner containerfor the secondary liquid located within the outer container, said innercontainer having heads with upright tubes passing through the same andthrough the inner container to enable the primary liquid in the outercontainer to circulate through the tubes, a nipple corresponding to eachsleeve secured in the outer jacket and the wall of the inner containerand passing through its corresponding sleeve to enable the secondaryliquid to be circu-- lated through the inner container, a sleeveconnecting the upper ends of the flue shell and the outer containerlocated substantially on the central axis of the heater, and an outletflue located toward one side extending and through the outer jacket andflue shell for circulating the secondary water through the secondarycontainer, means for effecting communication between the water jacketand the interior of the outer container, and means outwardly from theupper end of the flue shell and passing through the upper head of thejacket.

5. An indirect heater for liquids,'having an outer jacket, a flue shellwithin the jacket and spaced from the jacket so as to form a waterjacket for the primary water, an outer container for the primary watermounted within the flue shell with its wall spaced therefrom so as toform an annular flue surrounding the outer container, said flue shellhaving an upper head and said outer container having an upper headadjacent the same, means for directly connecting the heads to support aportion of the weight of Y the outer container on the flue shell head,an inner container for the secondary water mounted within the outercontainer, nipples passing through the walls of said containers

